Essay about value allignment

Exposition about worth allignment Exposition about worth allignment Examine with your Learning Team a current association with which you are natural that is not quite the same as the one you utilized for the Conceptualizing a Business paper. Compose a 700 to 1,050-word paper in which you dissect the individual qualities and the organization’s values as reflected by the organization’s plans and activities. Remember the accompanying for your paper: Dissect the origin(s) and resulting advancement of your own and work environment esteems. Clarify how your individual qualities drive your activities and practices, and break down the arrangement between your qualities and activities and practices. Break down the level of arrangement between the organization’s expressed qualities and the organization’s genuine plans and activities. Clarify the distinctions and examine the level of arrangement between your qualities and the organization’s values as reflected by the organization’s plans and activities. Configuration your paper steady with APA rules. A Learning Team Evaluation will be expected toward the finish of every week (weeks 2-4). Objectives 3.1 Develop key goals. 3.2 Create hierarchical targets and goals. EOW3 N/A Readings Read Ch. 7 of Strategic Management. Peruse Ch. 4 of Strategy: Winning in the Marketplace. Audit this week’s Electronic Reserve Readings. EOW3 N/A Participation Participate in class conversation. While taking an interest with Discussion Questions in the MAIN gathering, if you don't mind make sure to contribute in any event 2 meaningful answers 4 out of the 7 days of the week so as to get full acknowledgment for investment that week inside the DQ’s. 4 out of 7 days by EOW3 2 Conversation Questions Respond to week after week conversation questions. If it's not too much trouble take a gander at MAIN discussion for this week’s DQ’s. DQ1 †Day 3 DQ2 †Day 5 1 per DQ Person Vital Plan, Part II: SWOTT Analysis Conduct an inner and outside natural investigation for your proposed business. Make a SWOTT table summing up your discoveries. Your ecological examination should consider, at the very least, the accompanying variables. For each factor, distinguish the one essential quality, shortcoming, opportunity, danger, and pattern, and remember it for your table. Outside powers and patterns contemplations: o Legal and administrative o Global o Economic o Technological o Innovation o Social o Environmental o Competitive examination Inside powers and patterns contemplations: o Strategy o Structures o Processes and frameworks o Resources o Goals o Strategic capacities o Culture o Technologies o Innovations o Intellectual property o Leadership Compose a 1,400 to 1,750-word abstract in which you dissect at any rate seven of the powers and patterns from the rundown above. Your examination must incorporate the accompanying: Incorporate financial just as legitimate and administrative powers and patterns. Evaluate how well the association adjusts to change. Dissect the flexibly chain tasks of the association. Distinguish issues or potentially openings: o Identify the significant issues and additionally openings that the organization faces dependent on your investigation above. o Generate a theory encompassing each issue and research inquiries to use for leading examination. o Identify the conditions encompassing each issue; group the conditions; quality the significance of every order; and test the exactness of the significance for every characterization. Organization your paper reliable with APA guidelines. Day 7 10 Learning Team Utilitarian Area Interrelationships Select one association of the Virtual Organizations from the understudy site. Compose a 1,400 to 2,100-word paper in which you complete the accompanying: Express the essential explanations behind the organization’s presence from an investigation of the crucial, qualities, and objectives. Examine the explanation behind the kind of authoritative structure utilized by the association, and recognize the key places that help that hierarchical structure. Recognize and clarify the means of the joint effort process among the

Description of Masculinities

Chapter by chapter guide Masculinities contentions Hegemonic Masculinity Social impacts Conclusion References Masculinities suggest various variants of portraying masculine self-control and conduct of the two people. For three decades, a few investigations have been completed trying to think of a more clear portrayal of ‘masculinities,’ without much of any result. Prominently, impression of manliness are advancing after some time and among just as inside social orders, bringing about a variety of masculinities.Advertising We will compose a custom article test on Description of Masculinities explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Whereas a few specialists accept masculinities speak to different examples of conduct slanted toward the jobs that men play in the general public, others agree that masculinities include something other than men: that ladies can likewise show ‘masculinity’ if their activities and accomplishments are closely resembling that of their male partners (Connell1998, pp2-6; Wong et al 2011, pp236-255). While trying to address masculinities, the underlying acknowledgment of the social development of sexuality activated more conversations on ‘values’ and the ‘normal’ jobs of each gender(Connell1998, pp2-6). This was a huge advance, in any case, in characterizing the effect of manliness in the general public. Today, the real undertone of manliness has advanced past the idea of ‘the job of men,’ however this thought likewise characterizes a ‘group’ of manliness. An accentuation of consistence with manly convictions additionally goes past the way wherein defying customary norms may work emphatically toward building manliness (Graef,Tokar, Kaut 2010, pp319-333).Gender issues are generally not steady, andthe involvedness of masculinities recommends differences that can affect change. However some view masculinities as illustrative of a variety between the lad ylike and manly sexual orientations, a difference that is today suggesting the varieties in power among guys and females commonin the male haughty societies. Under such structures, the ladies are accepted to be inferiorto men. There has been aremarkable uncertainty and conflictregarding consideration of ‘masculinities’ in sexual orientation basedactivities (Parent et al 2011, pp354-367). The contentions supporting or against masculinities have been founded on fears this could bring about the concealment of the women's activist belief system. Stresses over the conceivable chocking of females of assets and the debilitating of ladies strengthening programs has been rising. Men are accepted to have the capability of controlling ladies dependent on arrangements and ‘morals’ for masculinities (Liang, Salcedo, Miller 2011, pp201-215). Masculinities contentions Studies of advancement of youthindicate various roads of procuring various attributes in boys(Evers 2006, pp229-243). These discoveries strife the basic idea that a forceful, powerful manliness isconnected to organic parts of the body(Connell1998, pp2-6).Steinfeldtet al (2011, pp247-259) proposes there is a nearby effect on obtaining data to motivate activity on issues related withmasculinity.Advertising Looking for paper on sexual orientation considers? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Additionally, there are associations among various masculinities. Taking into account these connections, sexual orientation structures, identifying with relationship among people, additionally include joins among manliness gatherings. These associations are seemingly less noteworthy inside and across different gatherings including the female sexual orientation. Much of the time the manliness joins involvepecking request and social isolation, in which case, at any rate one gathering of manliness isdominant in the general public and other second r ate assemblies structure, bringing about their heading of the brunt of lack of regard or underestimation (Kiselica, Englar-Carlson 2010, pp276-287). Domineering Masculinity Hegemonic manliness is an articulation used to allude to the sociallyfundamentalConstruction of masculinity among a few masculinities, in a social inclination of the sex (Burriss,Welling, Puts 2011, pp1023-1027). Challenges for authority or manly inclination among guys regularly bring about pressure or even savage encounters (Graef,Tokar, Kaut 2010, pp319-333).Collectivenessof masculinities can be accomplished if bunches inside the social examples are standardized in units, for example, military, rights developments or organizations. Then again, casual gatherings, for example, fellowship relations or families can likewise be utilized to characterize masculinities. These numerous manners by which shows is a reasonable sign that manliness isn't simply recognized at the individual level, however at the more extensiv e points of view of the social texture (Addis 2010, pp109-112; Wong et al 2010, pp170-181). Also, Evers (2006, pp232-237) accepts masculinities are show in common social manners, for example, fantasies andtraditions, media channels, social marks. The aggregate authenticity is wellmanifest in institutional ethnographies of learning focuses and outfitted forcesorganisations. Aggregate reality produces a solid manliness power, which confuses a development of sex jobs among guys through influence in particular. An individual male may see the light of regarding the two sexes as capable people, however the authoritative condition, or the impacts of a friend groupmay adjust the condition (O’Neil 2010, pp98-106; Pachankiset al 2011, pp142-152).Advertising We will compose a custom paper test on Description of Masculinities explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Social impacts Liang, Salcedo, and Miller (2011, pp201-215) show that masculinities are built up by interlace d social factorsdeveloped more than tens or many years. In any case, the more extensive viewpoints offered on manliness underlines the commitments made by the more seasoned generations,especially the effect of a father’s counsel on his child or girl. Ladies are likewise ostensibly dynamic members in procedure of characterizing masculinities (Burns, Mahalik 2010, pp347-353).Generally, a lady is a parent, family, companion, life partner, and work in the various conditions where masculinities exist. They utilize such roads to considerately shape masculinities in the general public, as it is accepted the methodology of setting up manliness is for the most part quiet and practically difficult to take note. In any case, it can show in exceptionally organized frameworks, for example, in sexual orientation isolated learning settings, military academies,and games in which one explicit sex rules the other (Connell1998, pp2-6). The nearby examination of the improvement of masculinities, through past experiences,theinternal multifaceted nature of sexual orientation issues emerge. There are normally opposing mental patterns in each individual’s life (Leaseet al 2010, pp195-207).Different sexual orientation positions in discourse, which an individual canconsider, have existed from days of yore. Clashing requests may force on guys various practices, for example, tosustain their own standing and to recognize women’s benefits. Guys mayhave noteworthy capacities, for example, to think about newborn children, however become encircled by social circumstances that barely press them to show these abilities (Addis 2010, pp109-112). Thesecomplicated circumstances mayresult in ladies expecting such jobs readily or reluctantly relying upon singular comprehension. Such cases some of the time raise strain, which may decline into viciousness, in light of the fact that various guys experience issues relating with ladies. A few men scorn womanliness out of dread of what it involves and may look for tosabotage it (Parent et al 2011, pp354-367). End Generally, there are a few masculinities dependent on the overarching social qualities, natural variables and parental impact. Formal and casual masculinities exist, however the last can be handily impacted by influence. Financial change, struggle, generational change, and more extensive advancement of society convictions, may add to the improvement of various masculinities.Advertising Searching for article on sex contemplates? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More In accordance with masculinities issues, there has been solid conviction about the linkage ofindividual abberations in regularizing discernment on manliness, consistency with manly job convictions, and struggle that the manly sex think about in an exertion tolook for mental help (Wong et al 2010, pp170-181). These three features of manliness are included in the enthusiastic examination of the male sex and thought to beresulting issues of manliness socializationachievements. In spite of the fact that the three issues cover, they are various ideas, conjured distinctly during legitimate assessment of masculinities. Manliness convictions and conventional qualities on manly jobs reflect unmistakable highlights of regulating masculinity. More or less, manliness philosophy infers the characterized edges of the lead of guys. References Addis, M.E. 2010. Reaction to editorials on the issue of masculinity.Psychology of Men  Masculinity, 11(2),pp109-112. Consumes, S. M., Mahalik, J.R. 2010.Su icide and predominant manliness standards among flow and previous United States military servicemen.Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 42(5), pp347-353. Burriss, R.P., Welling, L.L.M., Puts, D.A. 2011. Mate-inclination drives mate †decision: Men’s self-evaluated manliness predicts their female partner’s inclination for masculinity.Personality and Individual Differences, 51(8), pp1023-1027. Connell, R.W. 1998. â€Å"Introduction: Studying Australian Masculinities,† Journal of International Gender Studies, 3 (2), pp1†8. Evers, C. 2006. â€Å"How to Surf.† Journal of Sport and Social Issues, 30 (3), pp229-243. Graef, S.T., Tokar, D.M., Kaut

Why Understanding PTSD Emotions Is Important

Why Understanding PTSD Emotions Is Important PTSD Coping Print The Importance of Understanding Your PTSD Emotions By Matthew Tull, PhD twitter Matthew Tull, PhD is a professor of psychology at the University of Toledo, specializing in post-traumatic stress disorder. Learn about our editorial policy Matthew Tull, PhD Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Daniel B. Block, MD on January 23, 2020 twitter linkedin Daniel B. Block, MD, is an award-winning, board-certified psychiatrist who operates a private practice in Pennsylvania. Learn about our Medical Review Board Daniel B. Block, MD on January 23, 2020 Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Overview Symptoms & Diagnosis Causes & Risk Factors Treatment Living With In Children JGI/Jamie Grill/Getty Images If you have PTSD,?? you may experience very strong feelings of anxiety, sadness, anger, guilt, or shame, to name only a few. When you feel several of these PTSD emotions in quick succession, it can be very hard to know what youre feeling at any given moment. If it often happens that you dont know what youre feeling,?? you may be headed for problems such as: Feeling out of control and anxious about what emotions are coming up nextFeeling unable to manage your emotions and stay in controlChoosing an unhealthy way to cope with your PTSD emotions, such as avoidance or self-medication with illegal drugs or alcohol In extremely upsetting situations, some people may use dissociation (blanking out, or feeling that your emotions are disconnected from you) to distance themselves from all aspects of an emotion. Why Its Better to Know Exactly What Youre Feeling When you know exactly what youre feeling, you have the right information for figuring out how to make yourself feel better. You can choose the way to cope with your PTSD emotions that are most likely to be effective. But, you may wonder, arent treatment methods effective??? Yes, but not every healthy coping strategy works the same for every emotional experience. For example, expressive writing might work better for sadness than for anger, whereas taking a time-out would probably be more effective for escalating feelings of hostility. How can you identify exactly what youre feeling?  First, you need to know the different forms emotions can take. Parts of an Emotion Every emotion has three parts: Your Thoughts: Ideas or images that pop into your head when youre feeling an emotionYour Physical Sensations: The physical changes in your body (for example, increased heart rate, or nausea) when youre feeling an emotionYour Behavior: The action you feel like taking when youre feeling an emotion If youre like most people, with or without PTSD, you probably havent been aware of the three parts of your emotions or the different ways those parts may affect how you feel. For example, sometimes one part, such as uncomfortable thoughts, can come on so strongly that its difficult to get in touch with the others. If you were to experience this, you might simply try to push away or suppress your uncomfortable thoughts, which, of course, would keep you from identifying them and choosing an appropriate coping strategy that would make you feel better. Identifying Your Emotions According to Their Parts Listed below are some forms that the three parts of commonly-felt PTSD emotions may take.?? Fear Thoughts: Im in danger. Something terrible is going to happen.Physical Sensations: Racing heart, tunnel vision, shortness of breathBehaviors: Getting away from a situation, freezing, crying Sadness Thoughts: My situation is never going to change. Im all alone in this.Physical Sensations: Low energy, slower heart rate, nauseaBehaviors: Isolating yourself, crying Anger Thoughts: Life is unfair. Everyones out to get me.Physical Sensations: Racing heart, muscle tension, jaw clenchingBehaviors: Yelling, picking a fight, slamming doors Next time you experience an emotion, try to identify all three parts of it. (If you cant, knowing even one or two can be helpful.) Then match them up against this list to see if youre feeling one of these three common PTSD emotions. If you dont get a match, use the three parts youve identified to further investigate what youre feeling. 6 Types of Basic Emotions Choosing a Coping Strategy to Match Your Emotion Once youve identified at least one or two thoughts, physical sensations, and behaviors connected to an emotion youre feeling, you can start thinking about the type of coping strategy that might be best for managing it. For example, if youre experiencing an emotion that causes increased heart rate and muscle tension, you may want to try a coping strategy to bring those physical sensations down, such as progressive muscle relaxation or deep breathing. Now that youve learned how to identify your PTSD emotions, hopefully youre feeling better about managing them.?? Fortunately you can choose from a number of healthy coping strategies. The Benefits of PTSD Group Therapy

Lesson Plan Survey Data and Graphing

Students will use a survey to collect and then represent data in a picture graph(link) and a bar graph(link). Class: 3rd grade Duration: 45 minutes each on two class days Materials notebook paperpencil If working with students who need some visual assistance, you may wish to use actual graph paper rather than notebook paper. Key Vocabulary: survey, bar graph, picture graph, horizontal, vertical Objectives: Students will use a survey to collect data. Students will choose their scale and create a picture graph and bar graph to represent their data. Standards Met: 3.MD.3. Draw a scaled picture graph and a scaled bar graph to represent a data set with several categories. Lesson Introduction: Open up a discussion with the class about favorites. What is your favorite ice cream flavor? Topping? Syrup? What is your favorite fruit? Your favorite vegetable? Your favorite school subject? Book? In most third grade classrooms, this is a sure-fire way to get kids excited and sharing their opinions. If doing a survey and graphing for the first time, it might be helpful to choose one of these favorites and do a quick survey of your students so that you have data to a model in the steps below. Step-by-Step Procedure Students design a survey. Give your survey participants no more than 5 choices to pick from. Make predictions about the survey results.Conduct the survey. There are many things that you can do to set your students up for success here. A free-for-all survey will result in poor results and a headache for the teacher! My suggestion would be to set expectations early in the lesson and also model the correct behavior for your students.Total the results of the survey. Prepare for the next part of the lesson by having students find the range of responses - the category with the least number of people who selected that item as their favorite, and the category with the most.Set up the graph. Have students draw their horizontal axis and then the vertical axis. Ask students to write their categories (fruit choices, pizza toppings, etc.) below the horizontal axis. Make sure these categories are well-spaced so that their graph will be easily read.Now is the time to talk to students about the numb ers that will go on the vertical axis. If they surveyed 20 people, they will either need to number from 1-20 or create hash marks for every two people, for every five people, etc. Model this thought process with a graph of your own so that students can make this decision.Have students complete their picture graph first. Brainstorm with students what pictures could represent their data. If they have surveyed others about ice cream flavors, they can draw one ice cream cone to represent one person (or two people, or five people, depending on what scale they have chosen in Step 4.). If surveying people about their favorite fruits, they could choose an apple to represent the number of people choosing apples, a banana for those who chose bananas, etc.When the picture graph is finished, students will have an easier time constructing their bar graph. They have already designed their scale and know how far up the vertical axis each category should go. All they need to do now is draw the bars for each category. Homework/Assessment: Over the course of the next week, have students ask friends, family, neighbors (remembering safety issues here) to respond to their initial survey. Adding this data in with the classroom data, have them create an additional bar and picture graph. Evaluation: After students have added their family and friends data to their initial survey data, use the results of the completed survey and their final graphs to evaluate their understanding of the lesson objectives. Some students may merely struggle with creating an appropriate scale for their vertical axis, and these students could be placed in a small group for some practice in this skill. Others may have trouble with representing their data in both types of graphs. If a considerable number of students fall into this category, plan to reteach this lesson in a few weeks. Students love surveying others, and this is an excellent way to review and practice their graphing skills.

The Distribution Of Annual Net Income Scaled By The Market...

The distribution of annual net income scaled by the market value at the beginning of the year (Burgstahler and Dichev, 1997). Notice the obvious shift of observations from just under expected levels of income to just over expected levels, showing evidence of earnings management. Dechow et al. (2000) focus on firms with positive earnings and firms with zero forecast error to evaluate whether firms manipulate accruals and special items to beat the zero earnings benchmark. However, the result fails to establish a significant difference between the level of discretionary accruals and working capital accruals in firms that achieve the target and those that fall short. The earning distribution method is based on the assumption that the target†¦show more content†¦Roychowdhury (2006) derived normal levels of cash flow from operations, discretionary expenses and production costs; then tested the effect of sales manipulation, discretionary expenditures and overproduction on the abnormal of the previous three variables. His research found that directors use the various RM activities to manipulate earnings, however it is unclear just how much can be attributed to the purpose of meeting expectations, and how much is to simply control expenses during times of difficulty. Grahama, Harvey and Rajgopalc (2004) interviewed over 400 executives, revealing that executives assign a high level of priority in meeting target earnings as it builds credibility with the market and multiplies the positive effect, confirming previous research. The executives also believed failing to meet the targets would result in a severe market reaction and that directors sacrifice economic value to avoid these effects, avoiding a potentially larger economic loss. This can also be said of achieving or beating expectations, where the potential economic gain from the multiplied positive market effect can easily outweigh the economic sacrifice. Equipped with these justifications, over 80% of those surveyed admitted they were willing to sacrifice economic value and use RM to meet expectations. Moreover, the executives acknowledged that RM is more widespread and favoured to the manipulation of accounting methods,Show MoreRelatedDoes Fair Value Accounting for Non-Financial Assets17711 Words   |  71 PagesDoes Fair Value Accounting for Non-Financial Assets Pass the Market Test? Hans B. Christensen and Valeri V. Nikolaevï€ ª The University of Chicago Booth School of Business 5807 South Woodlawn Avenue Chicago, IL 60637 Abstract: The choice between fair value and historical cost accounting is the subject of longstanding controversy among accounting academics and regulators. Nevertheless, the market based evidence on this subject is very limited. We study the choice of fair value versus historical Read MoreStarbucks Financial Statement Analysis13473 Words   |  54 Pageswhich the capital markets impound quarterly earnings information into share prices, showing that the post-earnings-announcement-drift results of Bernard and Thomas (1989) extend to recent data. E INTRODUCTION arnings (or more precisely, accounting net income) represents the “bottom-line” accounting measure of firm performance. A firmÂ’s earnings number is an accrual accounting measure of the firmÂ’s profit or loss from business activities and events during a quarter or annual period. 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The timing of cash flows is difficult to determine. c. Cash flows are uncertain and therefore risky. 1.2 ( What is a contingent claim? A contingent claim is a claim whose payoffs are dependent on the value of the firm atRead MoreBonias Company6114 Words   |  25 PagesTrade Fair in Bologna (Italy). He then registered Bonia as a brand name in 1977. 1978 was the year that Bonia entered into the Malaysian market and by 1980, Bonia became a market leader in Singapore and Malaysia due to their aggressive advertising and promotion exercises. The first boutique was opened in Singapore in 1981 and subsequently in Malaysia in 1988. By 1990, Bonia managed to penetrate the market in Indonesia, Hong Kong, Brunei and Taiwan and actively participated in International LeatherRead MoreBaidu Valuation at IPO9089 Words   |  37 Pageson the NASDAQ Stock Market (Ticker Symbol: BIDU) on August 5, 2005. (See Exhibits 1 and 2 for a listing of Baidu’s private funding sources and pre-IPO share allocations.) 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In fact, attempts to change the recipe, or even the look of the shops, in later years met with negative reactions from customers and the company quickly returned to the originalRead MoreKrispy Kreme Case Analysis5576 Words   |  23 Pagesstrategies are still considered by Krispy Kreme to be â€Å"Brand Elements† as reported in current, annual financial reports. By keeping control of the recipe and the doughnut-making process, they also maintained product standards and reduced, while not completely eliminating, the competition through the uniqueness of their product. In fa ct, attempts to change the recipe, or even the look of the shops, in later years met with negative reactions from customers and the company quickly returned to the original

Relations Between Blacks and Whites Free Essays

string(65) " of openness of a country influences its economy in myriad ways\." Japan’s economy can be traced back to World War II. After this period, many structural changes helped transform the Japanese economy. This was necessary because Japan had undergone through war that saw its economy near collapse. We will write a custom essay sample on Relations Between Blacks and Whites or any similar topic only for you Order Now These changes in policies were through interaction with America, international market, and social mobilization (Ohno, 2006). At the time of war, there was a rapid growth in Japan’s economy. This period saw a rise of manufacturing industries due to materials necessity for the war. Such industries included the automobile industry. Once the war was over, most of the technologies and companies were converted to peaceful economic development (Ohno, 2006). This also saw expansion of private companies. There was also a desire to catch up with the west; new technology and management. The changing US policies were an instrumental success of Japan’s economy. This is because Japan was given permission to export to the US and at the same time protecting its domestic market (Ohno, 2006). The venture into export economy also leaped enormously from international marker of low tariffs; low prices of oil and materials needed for industrial expansion (Ohno, 2006). Another significant trend to the expansion of the economy was the welfare society in Japan instead of the welfare state. This helped Japan to direct most of its resources that would have been spent on welfare to industrial expansion (Ohno, 2006). After the 1950s, Japan’s government engaged in massive financing of the economy. This was through collaboration between the state and private sector. This revamped the economy and the gross national product expanded more than 10 percent annual with limited downturns (Ohno, 2006). There was also development of export economy; investment in technology. The export economy has remained, until now, where over 70 percent of manufactured goods are exported (Ohno, 2006). The other factor that helped was the provision of loans for business by the private banks and removal of monopoly in various sectors of the economy. Additionally, there was an increasing role of trade unions, part time workers, and small companies. There was a mutual understanding between industries and workers. Most of the workers on the short-term basis worked hard to get long-term employment. This helped in post war Japan takeoff in terms of economics (Ohno, 2006). The transition from 1970 to 1980 saw Japan catch up with the other industrial economies of the world. However, this trend was not to remain due to unchanging policies. There was a lack of modern investment opportunities and poor management (Sakisaka Gaimusho, 2007). This led to business firms, real estate and financial institutions falling prey to speculation. This finally led to the ‘bubble’ economy (Ohno, 2006). The effects were to be felt in the 1990s. Japan continues to struggle to get out of these effects until now. This will only be possible through sweeping reforms. This paper seeks to focus on Japan’s economy. Japanese Geography, Language, and Population Japan is a country of East Asia. It is made up of thousands of islands. However, there are crucial islands. They include Honshu, Hokkaido, Kyushu, and Shiloku; these are the largest of those islands. Japan’s neighbors are Korea, Russia, and China. It has a size equal to Germany or California (Japan Guide, 2013). The language of most of the population is Japanese. However, there has been infiltration of foreign languages. The population is estimated to be 125 million (Japan Guide, 2013). In this estimate, two million are foreign residents. Most of the foreigners are the Korean. Japan is also vulnerable to earthquakes and volcanoes. This is because this country is mostly mountainous. Japan also has variations in climate, due to different islands that make up the country. Economy Japan’s economy ranks high in the world. In fact, Japan ranks second among the most developed nations. Japan GDP has been on the rise since 2004 (Trading Economics, 2012). However, there was a little stagnation in 2005 and 2006. Moreover, there was a reduction in GDP during 2007 to 2008. This was due to the challenges that faced the economy during this time. The annual growth rate of Japan has averaged 2. 1 percent for the last three decades (Trading Economics, 2012). The economy of Japan is majorly dominated by technological advancement. This has enabled Japan to enhance any materials received from other countries. This is because Japan is not endowed with minerals and other forms of raw materials. Most of Japan GDP is dominated by services (Trading Economics, 2012). These se rvices include wholesale and retail, as well as the real estate. The other driving force of the economy is the manufacturing sector. This accounts for nearly 22 percent of the GDP (Trading Economics, 2012). Moreover, constructions industry contributes heavily to the growth of the economy. This accounts for over 5 percent of the country GDP (Trading Economics, 2012). The rate of growth is expected to increase because of changing fiscal policies. Japan has been struggling with inflation for a long time. However, inflation is expected to slow down. For example, the central bank has introduced an inflation target of 2 percent (Einhorn, 2013). Various initiatives have been taken to curb inflation are already in place. The current one has been buying Yen to issue bonds. This will help by weakening the Yen and reviving inflation rate. However, Japan trade deficits have declined significantly. It stands at 362. 4 billion yen that is half of what was reported at the beginning of the year (Einhorn, 2013). However, in Japan there has been an increased in the number of unemployed individuals. For example, in March the unemployment rate was 4. 10 percent as compared to the onset of the year when it stood at 4. 3 (Trading Economics, 2012). For the last six decades, unemployment rate in Japan has averaged 2. 68 percent. However, it was at its highest level in July of 2009 at 5. 60 percent (Trading Economics, 2012). Japanese Openness, Currency, Current Exchange Rate, Primary Exports, Imports, Current Account Balance, Major Trading Partners, and Agreements The rate of openness of a country influences its economy in myriad ways. You read "Relations Between Blacks and Whites" in category "Papers" There is a role of importance in this trend to economic growth. The openness is reflected in terms of international knowledge streams and international movement of people, resources, and technology (Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry, 2011). Openness can also lead to failure of some key sector of the economy. This is due to unemployment and failure to compete by some companies on a global scale. Japan is poor as compared to other country of its caliber in terms of openness. This is evident in terms of comparison of countries export and imports of good and services compared to GDP (Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry, 2011). The country also shows less inward investment. However, in Japan there exists a higher exposure to international competition. For example, over 50 percent of Japanese automobile makers occur outside Japan (Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry, 2011). However, an exception occurs in the food, beverage, and tobacco sector. The sectors that deal with agriculture are cautioned by the government international competition. In Japan, there is also exposure to international trade. In fact, Japan intra-industry business comprises half of all trade (Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry, 2011). In addition, Japan appears as one of the country hard to make use of foreign labor. The Japanese currency is yen. The US dollar to Japanese yen exchange rate currently is at 99. 25. Japan has largely focused on export due to its processing nature. Japan receives raw materials from different countries and then adds value before exporting. The main export of Japan includes transportation equipments, motor vehicles, electrical machinery, and chemicals (Economy and Trade Fact Sheet, n. d. ). Most of Japan’s imports are raw materials. They include oil, foodstuff, and wood (Economy and Trade Fact Sheet, n. d. ). The import/export stability has helped Japan have a significant trade partners. These partners include United States, China, Germany, Indonesia, South Korea, and the United Arab Emirates (Economy Watch, 2010). The country has also been the main export market for over ten trading nations worldwide (Economy Watch, 2010). The financial crisis of 2008 affected the international trade of the country. The export volume declined to $516. 3 in 2009 as compared to over 700 billion the previous year (Economy Watch, 2010). In 2010, the total value of export was over 750 billion US dollars (Economy Watch, 2010). Japan is also a member of world commerce and trade agreements. Currently, Japan is a member of many international organizations. They include APEC, WTO, OECD, the G-8, and the G-20 (Economy Watch, 2010). Japan is also advancing towards Economic Partnership Agreement instead of Free Trade Agreements. Japanese Trade Policy and Trade Barriers in Various Periods Japan’s trade policies and barriers have changed depending on the status of the economy in different periods of its history. These policies have changed depending on the status of the economy. In 19th century, the country was committed to industrializing as well as carrying out military expansion. Consequently, the government promoted imports of the manufactured and capital goods that were not available in Japan (Sato, 1999). On the other hand, in order to promote export, the government introduced policies that would ensure there was an improvement in quality, production, and standardization of potential or existing exports (Rapp, 1978). Another policy was the introduction of export quality checks. This took place after the end of World War II. There was screening of firms export technology imports and quality control were controlled and enhanced in the country (Rapp, 1978). There was also institutionalization of export cartel; to reduce competition that could be detrimental to individual firms and economy (Rapp, 1978). This was prominent during the 1950s and 1960s. The government have supported research and development in computers to make Japanese producers competitive worldwide. There was lowering on tariffs on raw materials. This increased the effective protection to value added and promoted manufacturing (Rapp, 1978). When the value of yen decreased in the 1930, some companies like Ford were forced to close. There was also checking on the import of assembled motor vehicles. Further policies were implemented after the war. These policies included quotas on import taking account of key raw materials such as coal (Sato, 1999). There were also protective tariffs on manufacturers and raw materials were outsourced toll free. In order to secure foreign exchange, the government regulated the import and amount paid on the required technology (Rapp, 1978). The government also encouraged exports through exceptional tax and credit incentives. Successes and Challenges Faced By Japan in International Trade A country involvement in international trade has its advantages and challenges. The liberal international economic order was beneficial to Japan. This was due to reduction of barrier. Japan exploited this growth and contributed to revenue growth and rising living standards in the country (Noland, 2000). There was a revival of key infrastructure through these programs. However, the country continues to face challenges in international trade. One of the challenges is economic domination by the United States. Secondly, there is growing suspicion from other Asian countries on activities of Japan. The political system in the country is also a challenge to this trade. There is also a replacement of Japan trading activities by emerging economy in East Asia such as China (Cooper, 2013). Trade and Investment Liberalization Should Be Pursued By Japan In Order To Achieve Economic Growth Japan currently is experiencing economic stagnation. This can only be rescued by trade liberalization. The first thing the country should do is to open its domestic market to foreign companies. This will help in areas such as agricultural revival. The other action should be Internationalization of science and innovation. This will help in submission of external earning, enhance the local currency, and will lead to improved direct investment. There should also be openness to labor; highly skilled foreign workers. This will help in improving materials for export, improved trade, and earnings. Conclusion It is clear that Japan’s economics has gone through a period of transformation. Especially before the 21st century. Initially, Japan experienced increased economic growth. However, at the end of the 20th century, Japan experienced an economic downturn. Currently, Japan is on the road to recovery through sweeping reforms it has been undertaking. There has been various policies and tariffs. In addition, there has also been increased revenue through adding value to manufactured goods. This has also helped Japan to be one of the main export/import partners in the world. Japan has benefited from global trade. On the other hand, the international trade has affected Japan. How to cite Relations Between Blacks and Whites, Papers

War Against Boys Essays - Childhood, American Enterprise Institute

War Against Boys It is a bad time to be a boy in America. As the new millennium began, the defining event for American girls was the triumph of the U.S. women's soccer team. For boys, the major event was the mass killing at Columbine High School. It would seem that boys in our society face great difficulties and risks as they grow up. Yet the best-known studies and the academic experts are telling us that it is girls who are suffering from a decline in self-esteem. The experts say that it is girls who need extra help with academics and elsewhere in a society that favors boys. Christina Hoff Sommers, a Ph.D. in philosophy and a former professor of philosophy at Clark University, disagrees with the increasingly popular feminist views. Sommers believes that it is boys who are being shortchanged in a society that is rapidly becoming overrun with feminist views. There is no girl crisis, says Sommers. Girls are not being pushed aside, shortchanged, or repressed in American society argues Sommers. Girls are outperforming boys academically, and girls' self-esteem is no different from boys'. Sommers believes that it is boys who are lagging far behind girls and Sommers attempts to prove this in her book: The War Against Boys: How Misguided Feminism is Harming our Young Men. Sommers argues three main points in this book. First, boys encounter more difficulties growing up in America today and being successful in schools and colleges, than do girls. More boys than girls are involved in crime, alcohol, and drugs. Girls attempt suicide more often than boys, but boys actually kill themselves more often. In a typical year (1997), there were 4,493 suicides of young people between the ages of five and twenty-four: 701 females, 3,792 males (Sommers 26). Research shows that boys, not girls, are on the weak side of an educational gender gap. Boys, on average, are a year and a half behind girls in reading and writing; they are less committed to school and less likely to go to college (Sommers 14). More boys than girls are suspended from school. More are held back and more drop out. Boys are three times as likely as girls to be enrolled in special education programs and four times as likely to be diagnosed with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)(Sommers 25). Larry Hedges and Amy Nowell, researchers at the University of Chicago, warned that the larger numbers of males who perform near the bottom of the distribution in reading comprehension and writing also have policy implications. It seems more likely t hat individual males with such poor literacy skills will have problems finding jobs in an increasingly information-driven economy (Sommers 34). Second, boys are being confronted with challenges that arise from a society and educational system that are increasingly biased towards them. A boy today finds himself caught up in the social crime of shortchanging girls. Yet the supposedly silenced and neglected girl sitting next to him is likely to be a better student. She is not only more expressive, she is probably a more mature, engaged, and well-balanced person. He may be uncomfortably aware that girls are more likely to go on to college. He may believe that teachers prefer to be around girls and pay more attention to them. At the same time, he may also be aware that he is considered to be a member of the unfairly favored dominant gender(Sommers 43). More and more schoolboys inhabit an environment of disapproval. Often considered protosexists, potential harassers, and perpetuators of gender inequity, boys live under a blanket of criticism, in a permanent state of responsibility. Third, this bias comes from the acceptance of certain major assumptions of feminism that have spread like wildfire through science, academia, the media, government, and more. The main promoters of a gender equal academic system have a lot of power in schools, but they are far too irresponsible with the truth, far too removed from the boundaries of common sense, and far too negative about boys to be properly playing any role in the education of children (Sommers 51). Feminists have been telling our culture for years that girls are falling behind in school, they're being repressed in society, and losing out